Insolation Control of Monsoons
q Monsoon circulations exit on Earth
because the land responds to seasonal
changes in solar radiation more
quickly than does the ocean.
q Changes in insolation over orbital time
scales have driven major changes in
the strength of the summer monsoons.
q Changes of 12% in the amount of
insolation received at low latitudes
have caused large changes in heating
of tropical landmass and in the
strength of summer monsoons at a
cycle near 23,000  years in length.