Harmonic Analysis
q Harmonic analysis is used to identify the periodic (regular) variations in
geophysical time series.
q If we have N observations of (xi, yi), the time series y(t) can be
approximated by cosine and sine functions :
q How many harmonics (cosine/sine functions) do we need?
     In general, if the number of observations is N, the number of harmonic
equal to N/2 (pairs of cosine and sine functions).